What are some indicators used to measure national progress toward sustainable energy?

• A. Energy access
• B. Share of renewables in energy mix, energy intensity, CO2 emissions per capita, energy access, and energy affordability.
• C. Number of cars
• D. Total energy consumption

Answer: (B)

Measuring progress toward sustainable energy requires looking at multiple dimensions that reflect access, efficiency, environmental impact, and affordability. Energy access shows whether people can reliably obtain electricity and modern energy services. The share of renewables in the energy mix reveals how much of the energy supply comes from clean sources. Energy intensity, the amount of energy used per unit of economic output, indicates how efficiently the economy uses energy. CO2 emissions per capita capture the environmental footprint of energy use. Energy affordability assesses whether energy costs are within reach for households and industry. Taken together, these indicators give a fuller picture than any single metric. For example, just counting cars or total energy consumption doesn’t show whether the energy system is clean, accessible, or efficiently used.